Query Languages¶

IndentiaDB supports six query interfaces. Each targets a different data model and use case. All interfaces share the same underlying storage and the same ACID transaction boundary.

Supported Query Languages¶

Quick Reference by Task¶

New in v0.2.0¶

• OpenCypher — MATCH, CREATE, MERGE, SET, DELETE, aggregations over the LPG projection
• Locy — Datalog logic programming: recursive rules, stratified negation, FOLD aggregations
• LPG VectorKnn — K-nearest-neighbour search on node embedding properties (see Vector Search)
• 35 graph algorithms via POST /algo/:name (see Graph Algorithms)

SPARQL 1.2¶

SPARQL is the W3C standard query language for RDF data. IndentiaDB implements SPARQL 1.1 plus the SPARQL 1.2 Working Draft features including RDF-star quoted triples, the TRIPLE() / SUBJECT() / PREDICATE() / OBJECT() function family, LANGDIR() for directional language tags, SEMIJOIN, and ANTIJOIN.

PREFIX foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/>

SELECT ?name ?age WHERE {
    ?person a foaf:Person ;
            foaf:name ?name ;
            foaf:age  ?age .
    FILTER (?age > 25)
}
ORDER BY ?name

Endpoint: POST http://localhost:7001/sparql Content-Type: application/sparql-query

See the SPARQL 1.2 Reference for the complete guide.

SurrealQL¶

SurrealQL is IndentiaDB's primary query language, used for relational records, documents, graph edges, vector search, and full-text search. It is a superset of SQL with extensions for graph traversal, record links, LIVE queries, event triggers, schema definitions, and vector operators.

-- Relational
SELECT name, department.name FROM employee WHERE salary > 50000 ORDER BY name;

-- Document
SELECT milestones[WHERE completed = false] AS pending FROM project;

-- Graph edge traversal
SELECT ->knows->person.name AS friends FROM person:alice;

-- Vector search
SELECT title, vector::similarity::cosine(embedding, $q) AS score
FROM document WHERE embedding <|10,200|> $q ORDER BY score DESC;

Endpoint: WebSocket ws://localhost:7001/rpc or HTTP POST http://localhost:7001/sql

See the SurrealQL Reference for 25 complete examples.

LPG JSON DSL¶

The LPG (Labeled Property Graph) JSON DSL is used to run graph algorithms over a projection of your RDF or document data. It accepts a JSON query body describing the algorithm and parameters.

POST /lpg/query

{
  "kind": {
    "Traverse": {
      "start": { "iri": "http://example.org/alice" },
      "edge": "knows",
      "direction": "Out",
      "min_hops": 1,
      "max_hops": 3,
      "target_label": "Person"
    }
  },
  "limit": 100,
  "return_fields": ["id", "name", "hop_count"]
}

Endpoint: POST http://localhost:7001/lpg/query Content-Type: application/json

See the LPG Reference for all algorithms and examples.

GraphQL¶

IndentiaDB exposes a GraphQL endpoint that maps to your SurrealDB schema. Queries, mutations, and subscriptions are supported.

query {
  employee(where: { salary: { gt: 80000 } }, orderBy: { salary: DESC }) {
    name
    salary
    department {
      name
      location
    }
  }
}

Endpoint: GET/POST http://localhost:7001/graphql Content-Type: application/json

Elasticsearch-compatible Query DSL¶

IndentiaDB listens on port 9200 and accepts the Elasticsearch-compatible Query DSL for full-text search and hybrid search operations. Existing applications using the ES client can point to IndentiaDB without code changes.

curl -X POST 'http://localhost:9200/article/_search' \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  -d '{
    "query": {
      "multi_match": {
        "query": "knowledge graph database",
        "fields": ["title^2", "body"],
        "fuzziness": "AUTO"
      }
    },
    "knn": {
      "field": "embedding",
      "query_vector": [0.021, -0.039, 0.085],
      "k": 10,
      "num_candidates": 200
    },
    "size": 10
  }'

Port: 9200 Content-Type: application/json

Hybrid Queries (SPARQL inside SurrealQL)¶

The SPARQL() function in SurrealQL dispatches an inline SPARQL query and returns results as a SurrealQL value (array of objects). This allows you to bridge the RDF and document/relational models in a single statement.

LET $persons = SPARQL("
    PREFIX foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/>
    SELECT ?uri ?name WHERE {
        ?uri a foaf:Person ;
             foaf:name ?name .
    }
");

SELECT $p.name, e.salary
FROM employee AS e
WHERE e.external_uri IN (SELECT VALUE uri FROM $persons);

Endpoint: POST http://localhost:7001/sql

See Hybrid Queries for 5 complete cross-model examples including RDF-to-document migration, data enrichment, and RAG pipeline patterns.